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  3. Audio Equalizer (10-Band)
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Audio Equalizer (10-Band)

Ten-band graphic EQ that draws the real frequency response from the filter coefficients, matching the rendered audio to 0.03 dB. Clip-safe export, transparent bypass, per-band bandwidth control.

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Audio Equalizer (10-Band): a worked example

You load Bass boost onto a modern master that already peaks near full scale, and want more low end without distortion.

Input

track.wav (peak 0.95) · Bass boost preset · clip protection on
What Audio Equalizer (10-Band) produces

Output

track-eq.wav, curve peaking +8.6 dB, file landing at exactly -0.3 dBFS

The sliders read +8 at the bottom band, but octave-spaced bands overlap so the real response peaks at 8.6 dB, and the curve says so. Without protection that boost drives the render to 1.0000 and clips; with it the true peak is measured after rendering and the file is scaled to -0.3 dBFS. The drawn curve matches the exported audio to within 0.03 dB at every band centre.

What is Audio Equalizer (10-Band)?

A ten band graphic equaliser that shows you the real frequency response, not a line through the slider positions. The curve is computed from the filter coefficients and matches the rendered audio to within 0.03 dB, so what you see is what the file gets. Boosts are checked for clipping before export, with a one tap preamp trim and automatic peak limiting.

How to use

  1. 1Load an audio file, or shape a curve first and load audio afterwards
  2. 2Drag the band sliders and watch the response curve, which shows the true combined response
  3. 3Tap the trim prompt if the curve boosts, so the result cannot clip
  4. 4Use Bypass to A/B against the original while it plays
  5. 5Export a 16-bit WAV or a 192 kbps MP3

Key features

  • Real frequency response curve computed from the filter coefficients
  • Verified against Chromium's own BiquadFilterNode to 2.6e-6 dB
  • Rendered audio matches the drawn curve to within 0.03 dB
  • Ten bands from 32 Hz to 16 kHz at +/-18 dB
  • Correct octave Q of 1.414, with optional per-band bandwidth control
  • Low and high shelves on the outer bands so the extremes keep responding
  • Live spectrum of the processed signal drawn behind the curve
  • True peak and dip readout for the whole chain
  • One tap preamp trim that cancels the curve's boost exactly
  • Clip-safe export that measures the peak and lands at -0.3 dBFS
  • Transparent bypass for A/B, within 0.01 dB
  • Slider changes ramped onto the live filters, no restart and no zipper noise
  • Eleven presets, and export to WAV or MP3

Tips & best practices

  • Watch the curve, not the sliders. Two adjacent bands at +6 dB give about +7 dB at their centres because octave bands overlap, and the curve is the only place that shows it.
  • If the amber trim prompt appears, tap it. It sets the preamp to exactly cancel the boost, which keeps the loudness comparable when you A/B against bypass and stops the export needing to be scaled.
  • Use Bypass constantly. Ears adjust to a new balance within seconds, and boosted audio sounds better simply because it is louder; the only honest comparison is a quick A/B.
  • Cut before you boost. Pulling down the band that offends usually sounds better than lifting everything around it, and it leaves headroom instead of eating it.
  • Turn on Q controls for surgical work. A narrow band (small bandwidth in octaves) at a big cut removes a resonance or hum without thinning everything nearby.
  • Export WAV if the source was lossless. Re-encoding to MP3 after EQ stacks a second generation of lossy artefacts on top of the first.

Examples

  • Cleaning up a voice recording

    Load Podcast voice, then watch the curve: it cuts the low rumble, leaves the fundamental, and lifts presence around 2 to 4 kHz. Tap the trim prompt so the level matches, then A/B with bypass to check you have not overdone it.

  • Bass boost without distortion

    Load Bass boost on a modern master that already peaks near full scale. The panel reports that the curve boosts by 8.6 dB and offers a matching preamp trim, and the export measures the rendered peak and lands the file at -0.3 dBFS instead of clipping.

  • Notching out mains hum

    Turn on Q controls, pull the 64 Hz band down hard and narrow its bandwidth to about half an octave. The curve shows a tight notch rather than a wide scoop, so the hum goes and the bass stays.

When to use it

  • Fixing a recording

    Cut rumble, tame a harsh resonance or lift presence on a voice or instrument track, and see exactly what the change is.

  • Tuning playback for headphones

    Compensate for a headphone or speaker that is heavy or thin in a particular region, then export a corrected file.

  • Removing hum and resonance

    Use a narrow, deep cut to take out mains hum or a room mode without hollowing out the rest of the bass.

  • Learning what frequencies sound like

    Sweep a boosted band across the spectrum while music plays and hear what each region contributes, with the curve showing where you are.

How it works

This is a ten band graphic equaliser with centres at 32, 64, 125, 250, 500 Hz and 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 kHz, one octave apart, each adjustable from -18 to +18 dB. The panel above the sliders is the point of the tool: it is not a line joining the slider positions, it is the actual frequency response, computed from the same RBJ biquad coefficients Web Audio implements. Cross checked in the browser against Chromium's own BiquadFilterNode.getFrequencyResponse, the drawn curve agrees to 2.6 times ten to the minus six decibels, which is the limit of single precision arithmetic. Measured end to end, a rendered file matches the drawn curve at every band centre to within 0.03 dB.

That matters because a graphic EQ does not do what the sliders suggest. Bands one octave apart overlap, so their responses multiply: set 500 Hz and 1 kHz both to +6 dB and the real response at each centre is 7.13 dB, with a small dip between them. The curve shows that ripple, and the readout above it reports the true peak and dip of the whole chain. The bands use Q = 1.414, the value that gives a peaking filter exactly one octave of bandwidth. The previous build used Q = 1, which is a 1.39 octave band: the overlap was larger still, and the same pair of sliders delivered 7.88 dB rather than 7.13. The outermost bands default to a low shelf and a high shelf rather than peaks, so 32 Hz and 16 kHz keep responding out to the edges of hearing instead of peaking and falling away again; you can switch them back to peaks. Turning on Q controls exposes a bandwidth control per band, shown in octaves, for anything from a broad tilt to a narrow notch.

Boosting adds energy, and energy has to go somewhere. Loading Bass boost on a track that already peaks near full scale will clip it, which is what made exports from the previous build distort. Two things prevent that here. The panel computes how far the curve boosts and offers a one tap preamp trim that cancels it exactly. And on export the audio is rendered offline, the true peak is measured, and if it would exceed full scale the whole file is scaled to land at -0.3 dBFS, with the amount of trim reported. Measured on a 60 Hz tone at 0.95 peak with Bass boost applied, the unprotected export hits 1.0000 and clips; the protected export lands at exactly -0.3 dBFS.

While a file is loaded the live spectrum of the processed signal is drawn behind the curve, so you can see the music meeting the shape you set. Slider moves are applied to the running filters with a short ramp rather than rebuilding the chain, so you can adjust while listening without restarting playback or hearing zipper noise. A bypass switch flips the whole chain out for A/B comparison and is transparent to within 0.01 dB. Eleven presets cover the usual ground, and export writes either a 16-bit WAV (lossless, and the right choice if the source was lossless) or a 192 kbps MP3.

Frequently asked questions

Why does the curve not pass through my slider positions?

Because a graphic EQ does not work that way. The bands are one octave apart and each is one octave wide, so neighbouring bands overlap and their responses multiply. Two adjacent sliders at +6 dB produce about +7.1 dB at each centre with a small dip between them. The curve shows the real combined response, which is what the audio gets.

How do I know the curve is accurate?

It is computed from the RBJ biquad coefficients that Web Audio implements, and it is checked in the browser against Chromium's own BiquadFilterNode.getFrequencyResponse, agreeing to 2.6e-6 dB. End to end, a rendered export measured at every band centre matches the drawn curve to within 0.03 dB.

Will boosting make my export distort?

Not with clip protection on, which is the default. The file is rendered offline, its true peak is measured, and if it would exceed full scale the whole file is scaled to land at -0.3 dBFS, with the amount of trim reported. You can also tap the preamp trim prompt beforehand, which cancels the boost so no scaling is needed.

What does the preamp do?

It applies a gain in dB before the filters, shifting the whole curve up or down. Its main use is to pull the level down by the same amount the EQ boosts it, which keeps the loudness comparable when you A/B against bypass and preserves headroom.

What are the shelves on the outer bands?

The 32 Hz and 16 kHz bands default to a low shelf and a high shelf, so their gain continues out to the limits of hearing rather than peaking at the centre and falling away. That is what a hardware graphic EQ does at its extremes. You can switch them back to peaking filters with the toggle in the presets panel.

What is Q and when should I change it?

Q sets how wide a band is. The default 1.414 gives exactly one octave, which is right for general tone shaping. Turning on Q controls lets you narrow a band to well under an octave for surgical work like removing hum, or widen it for a broad tilt. The control shows the bandwidth in octaves rather than the raw Q number.

Should I export WAV or MP3?

WAV if the source was lossless, since it adds no further loss. MP3 at 192 kbps if you need a small file, but be aware that EQ-ing an MP3 and re-encoding stacks a second generation of lossy artefacts on the first.

Private by design

Audio is decoded and processed locally with the Web Audio API. Your files are never uploaded to a server.